Simple ARG query to find a NIC by private ip via Azure Resource Graph
resources
    | where type == 'microsoft.network/networkinterfaces'
    | mv-expand ipconf = properties.ipConfigurations
    | extend privateIp = tostring(ipconf.properties.privateIPAddress)
    | extend nicId = tolower(id)
    | where privateIp has "REPLACE WITH IP"
    | project nicId, privateIp

